Thousands of Bolsonaro supporters angry over his defeat stormed the government buildings, causing major damage before authorities managed to reimpose control.
Alexandre de Moraes, a powerful Supreme Court justice who has drawn ire from the right, is leading the investigation into the apparent coup attempt, which resembled the storming of the US Capitol by supporters of Donald Trump on January 6, 2021.
Wednesday’s incident did not cause any injuries or deaths beyond the apparent attack — though police had to tread carefully in the aftermath as the body was fitted with explosives and a timer.
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Officers on patrol spotted the burning vehicle, from the first explosion, and then saw a man rush out, authorities said.
The Supreme Court said that at the end of a session, two loud explosions were heard, and that judges and staff on site were evacuated.
The G20 summit is set to open on Monday in Rio de Janeiro, bringing together leaders from major world economies. On Wednesday, Lula is set to receive Xi in Brasilia.